Det er sandsynligt der er flere ”historier” i antropoligisk sammenhæng der kan give dig flere oplysninger. Du skal lede efter animister og lignende.
I de fleste tilfælde vil du dog finde billeder og skrifter, men der findes sceremonier og skikke der går i arv og visse ”religioner” husker hele deres lære udenad.
Så i dine studier må du søge ”folkefærd” der gennem generationer lære deres spirituelle historie uden ad. Eks.
http://www.uwlax.edu/URC/JUR-online/PDF/2005/gabriel.pdf
Ireland is an excellent place to witness collective history in action.
Partly because of its isolation, Ireland has been able to preserve its old legends and stories from much farther back than many other European countries.
Long before they were written down, stories were passed from generation to generation through the oral tradition.
Eventually many of the old stories were put into writing, and today we can find the oldest existing copies of them in ancient manuscripts.
Within these manuscripts, four groups of stories exist.
There are the mythological stories of the Tuatha De Danann, the Fenian cycle stories, and a group of stories surrounding the kings who ruled from approximately the third century BCE to the eighth century CE.2
The last group of stories is those of the Ulster cycle. They deal with “the exploits of King Conchobor and the champions of the Red Branch, chief of whom is Cuchulainn, the Hound of Ulster.”3
While the oldest versions of these stories are preserved in ancient manuscripts, it is not through those manuscripts that most modern Irish men, women, and children are familiar with them.
Discovering just how the memories of these ancient stories (which Ireland is famed for) are preserved and maintained was the aim of this project.
Specifically I focused on one legendary figure in particular: Cuchullain– the hero of the Ulster cycle.
The preservation of this ancient legend is an especially unique example of collective memory in action because the stories surrounding him are so remarkably old (traditionally believed to take place around the time of Christ), and there is really no solid evidence in existence to prove that he ever really existed.
Through the preservation and propagation of the stories surrounding Cuchullain, the Irish have maintained a memory of him, and even incorporated him into their national history. He has become to many the epitome of the Irish character in his “readiness to fight against, and if necessary fall by, overwhelming odds,” in addition to being an iconic example of how collective memory works.4
METHODS
The goal of this project was to experience first hand how collective memory was actively working in Ireland to perpetuate the memory of Cuchullain and the legendary stories that surrounded him by visiting Ireland myself.
My travels took me on a two-week tour of Dublin and Carlingford in Ireland, and Belfast and surrounding areas in Northern Ireland. Thus, my primary sources were the Irish people and the place itself.
Tapping into these sources meant many, many conversations with anyone and everyone who was willing to spare some time to talk to me about their knowledge of Cuchullain, and how that knowledge was gained.
While I was able to document seven more formal interviews on tape, which followed a relatively standard line of questioning, most people did not want to be recorded.
The information gained through these conversations was simply documented through note-taking. In addition to the human aspect of the project, I visited bookstores, libraries, the General Post Office (where a bronze statue of Cuchullain resides), tourist centers, and museums, as well as simply wandering the streets. Interaction with the people and observation of the place allowed me to gain both an insider and an outsider perspective on how Cuchullain maintained his place in Irish history and legend.
Citat slut.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
De tidligste vidnesbyrd om ”religiøse” oplevelser eller skikke finder du i denne sammenhæng for mere end 200.000 år siden:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal
Notable fossils
* La Ferrassie 1-
* Shanidar 1-Found in the Zagros Mountains in northern Iraq; total of nine skeletons found believed to have lived in the Middle Paleolithic Period. One of the nine remains had an amputated arm. This is significant due to the fact that it shows that stone tools were present in that era. Also, another Neanderthal had been buried with flowers, showing that some type of burial ceremony may have occurred.
* La Chappelle-aux-Saints 1
* Le Moustier
Neanderthal 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanidar_1
Shanidar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Shanidar 1)
Jump to: navigation, search
The cave site of Shanidar is located at the foothills of the Zagros Mountains in north-eastern Iraq. It was excavated between 1957-1961 by Ralph Solecki and his team from Columbia University and yielded the first adult Neandertal skeletons in Iraq, dating between 60-80,000 years BP.
View of Shanidar Cave
View of Shanidar Cave
The excavated area produced nine skeletons of Neanderthals of varying ages and states of preservation and completeness (labelled Shanidar I - IX). The remains suggest that Neandertals had funeral ceremonies, burying their dead with flowers, and that injured individuals were looked after by their fellows. One skeleton and casts of the others at the Smithsonian Institute are all that is left of the findings, the originals presumably having been dispersed in Iraq.[1]
Contents.
Citat slut.
Venlig hilsen
Blomberg.